12 results
Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Neurocardiogenic:
 • Vasovagal
 • Orthostatic Hypotension
 • Autonomic Neuropathy
 • Situational (micturition,
Afterload: • Mitral ... Hypotension • Mitral ... Tachyarrhythmia: • VT/VFib ... • AFib/AFlutter ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Valvular vs Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation - Classification
Valvular:
 • Presence of moderate-to-severe mitral stenosis or artificial (mechanical)
moderate-to-severe mitral ... mechanical) heart valve ... moderate-to-severe mitral ... mechanical heart valve ... #Fibrillation #AFib
Causes of Ischemic Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Important to determine and treat the etiology behind because
Causes of Ischemic ... • Arrhythmias: Afib ... * • Valvular: Mitral ... stenosis, Prosthetic valve ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... chordae Severe mitral ... endocarditis (vegetations ... atrial myxoma)/ball valve ... radiation #mitral
Stroke Etiologies
Hemorrhagic (IPH, SAH)
Ischemic
 - Large Vessel Atherosclerosis
 - Cardioembolic: Atrial fib, prosthetic valves, LV aneurysm,
Cardioembolic: Atrial fib ... , prosthetic valves ... embolism, Occult a-fib ... EricsMedicalLectures/ #Stroke #causes
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Causes of Primary ... disease: Most common cause ... Vegetations seen ... valve - Secondary ... Causes of functional
Atrial Fibrillation (A-Fib) Summary

Symptoms:
• Palpitations, light-headedness, dizziness, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, chest pain, near-syncope, syncope.

Why?
Cardiac:
	• Valvular heart
Fibrillation (A-Fib ... control with early Afib ... Moderate or severe mitral ... Mechanical heart valve ... #Fibrillation #AFib
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
heart failure • Mitral ... valve prolapse ... stenosis) • Severe mitral ... brain flow (VT/Vfib ... /Afib/WPW) • Loss
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
• Prosthetic valve ... Involves aortic and mitral ... Septic Emboli Cause ... formation • Other vegetations ... -mm left sided vegetations
Atrial Fibrillation on POCUS Echocardiogram (A4C)

35yoF presents with acute onset atrial fibrillation.  POCUS shows dilated
atrium & poor mitral ... valve coaptation ... #Fibrillation #AFib