16 results
Diuretic Electrolyte Excretion Effects 
Diuresis, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, HCO3-, Uric Acid
 - Thiazide Type
- Epithelial Sodium ... Blocker - Carbonic Anhydrase ... pharmacology #comparison #table
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Utilizing Uric Acid ADH ... Osmolarity 3) Urine Sodium ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Interaction CARBONIC ANHYDRASE ... VASOPRESSIN (ADH ... Pharmacology #summary #table
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... Salt Wasting • ADH ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... Hyponatremia: • ADH ... salt wasting • ADH ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Inappropriate ADH ... insufficiency ADH ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • UOsm > 300 - ADH ... - Appropriate ADH ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... diagnosis #nephrology #sodium
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Insensible losses Sodium ... Insipidus (Decr ADH ... Insipidus (Incr ADH ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Triamterene Carbonic anhydrase ... as no effect on sodium ... antidiuretic hormone (ADH
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... albumin (from 40) add ... II • Carbonic anhydrase ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm