1237 results
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) and ANCA (Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)
 • Systemic lupus erythematosus
   1. Anti-dsDNA
of cases) 2 ... seen in 30—70% of cases ... connective tissue disease ... disease - MPO>PR3 ... #rheumatology #diseases
Autoantibodies and their Disease Associations
ANA - Non-specific; common in SLE, autoimmune hepatitis
Anti-CCP, Rheumatoid factor - RA
Anti-dsDNA
Autoantibodies and their Disease ... - Graves' disease ... connective tissue disease ... (TTG) - Celiac disease ... #Associations #diseases
Eosinophils (Eos) and hypereosinophilia (HE)
Caused by eosinophilopoietic cytokines
Common causes:
 - Drug reaction
 - Helminth infection
 -
hypereosinophilia (HE) Caused ... cytokines Common causes ... Rare causes: ... , IgG4-related disease ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
practices that could cause ... PT, aPTT(liver disease ... ANA (e.g., SLE), anti-phospholipid ... bypass), LFT (liver disease ... ), HBsAg/anti-HBc
Causes of Nausea and Vomiting - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone/Area Postrema:
 • Drugs:
	- Chemo agents
	-
Causes of Nausea ... Antiarrhythmics, Anti-HTN ... - Addison’s disease ... sickness • Meniere disease ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
EKG Findings Causes ... toxicity • Paget's disease ... Granulomatous disease ... #Differential #Causes ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Atrial Fibrillation - Diagnosis, Causes, Presentations
Causes (PIRATES):
 - Pulmonary embolism 
 - Ischemia (cardiac) 
 -
Fibrillation - Diagnosis, Causes ... Presentations Causes ... - Repiratory disease ... myxoma - Thyroid disease ... PIRATES #Emergency #Cardiology
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Diagnosis
Manifestations:
 - Arthritis 69%
 - Malar rash 40%
 - Fever 36%
 -
60-70% - Anti-SSA ... 5-10% - Anti- ... 5-15% - Anti-Ku ... auto-immune, Infectious diseases ... sclerosis, Still's disease
Causes of Iron Deficiency
 • Inadequate Intake: Vegetarian/vegan diet, Malnutrition
 • Increased Body Needs: Infants/preschoolers, Pregnancy,
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... surgery, PPIs, Anti-H2 ... Edema, Celiac disease ... • Inflammatory Disease ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
pathophysiologic causes ... Henoch-SchonIein Purpura Anti-GBM ... Limited to Kidney: Anti-GBM ... pulmonary involvement: Anti-GBM ... Disease (Goodpasture's