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diagnosis differential causes algorithm metabolic alkalosis hypokalemia medications action aniongap chloride classes conversion hyperkalemia k low management nephron nongap sites
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron 1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor) 2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol) 3) Loop
Diuretics sites ... . mannitol) 3) Loop ... Metolazone) 5) Potassium-sparing ... #pharmacology # ... nephrology #medications
Summary of Diuretic Agents Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Summary of Diuretic ... empagliflozin LOOP ... Chlorthalidone POTASSIUM-SPARING ... #Medications #Pharmacology ... summary #table #nephrology
Diuretics - Pharmacology Thiazides diuretics: • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Diuretics - Pharmacology ... Metolazone Loop ... Piretanide Potassium ... #Pharmacology # ... nephrology #conversion
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
• Metabolic acidosis ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
, ileal loop ... Potassium-sparing ... diuretics (amiloride ... Expansion acidosis ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Clinicians should also look ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... algorithm #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
chronic respiratory acidosis ... • Thiazide or loop ... diuretics after ... other • Severe potassium ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Redistribution: Acidosis ... (IV loop diuretic ... acetazolamide) - IV loop ... Management #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K
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