20 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... , NGT suction, Low ... aldosteronism #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... consumption • Low ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... #nephrology #low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Normal Acid-Base: Low ... Renovascular HTN, Renin ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... , NGT suction, Low ... artery stenosis, Renin-secreting ... Primary #Metabolic #Alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Alkalosis - Differential ... Tumor Low Renin ... Renin, Low Aldosterone ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypertensive: • High Al, Low ... renovascular HT, Renin-secreting ... tumor • Low Al ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... • Refeeding syndrome ... vomiting) • Low ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... Low-normal EABV ... , Low Plasma HCO3 ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... renovascular HT, Renin-secreting ... diagnosis #algorithm #causes ... #nephrology #potassium
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Unknown nature & benign ... Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... abnormal extraocular movements ... dissociation • Other causes ... #PhysicalExam #neurology