11 results
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
- Differential ... Consider secondary HTN ... syndrome • AKI/CKD ... #HTN #Secondary ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... , Renin secreting ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... the existence of hypertension ... , Renin-secreting ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... , Renovascular HTN ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive ... , Renin-secreting ... Algorithm #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Workup and Differential ... disorders including hypokalemia ... parenchymal disease: CKD ... most pts have HTN ... #Differential #
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... : • CKD • Poorly ... transfusion • HTN ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... : • CKD • Poorly ... transfusion • HTN ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
- ↓ Renin ... VBG (acidosis), CK ... only if no clear cause ... ) - caution in HTN ... Management #Treatment #potassium
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
injured muscles -> HYPOTENSION ... Monitor potassium ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia ... or ATN 6. ... Management #Summary #causes