10 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
due to severe compression ... extremity muscle ... extremity weakness ... • Provocative Tests ... absent anal wink test
Apley Scratch Test of Internal Rotation - Shoulder Examination

Combine adduction and internal rotation with the Appley
Apley Scratch Test ... back and up the spine ... reach to T7 or the lower ... open_michigan #Apley ... Rotation #Shoulder #PhysicalExam
Peripheral Edema - Differential Diagnosis Framework for Lower Extremity Edema

Edema occurs when any of the following
Framework for Lower ... Extremity Edema ... is due to the compression ... anteriorly causing compression ... #Extremity #PhysicalExam
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Acute Spinal Cord ... ->Cord compression ... hyperextension -> Upper extremity ... Primarily Upper Extremity ... Mixed upper and lower
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Lower Extremity ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... fracture or prolonged compression ... • Spinal Stenosis ... sensory #motor #leg #physicalexam
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
cord compression ... spasticity • Lower ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... Symptoms: • Upper extremity ... , lower extremity
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
deficiency etc) • Spinal ... stenosis/nerve compression ... differential #diagnosis #lower ... #extremity #msk ... #physicalexam
Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS)
(aka: Landry–Guillain–Barré–Strohl syndrome:
	Most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis
	Rapidly progressive ascending paralysis & areflexia
	Autonomic
Guillain–Barré syndrome ... moves rapidly from lower ...  West Nile virus ... hyperreflexia, spinal ...  Spinal Cord
Horner's Syndrome on Physical Exam

A 75yoF was referred in for facial swelling and eyelid changes 1
Horner's Syndrome ... both upper and lower ... decompress the spinal ... clinical #video #ophthalmology ... #physicalexam #
SAPHO Syndrome Summary

What?
SAPHO syndrome is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of bone, joint, and skin characterized
SAPHO syndrome is ... skeleton-sacroiliac joint and spine ... medium to large lower-extremity ... pelvis, heel, and lower ... blockers had the best