22 results
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia ... Immobilization Hypercalcemia ... diagnosis #calcium #high ... #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Elevated PTH (High ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... Thiazides/Lithium #Hypercalcemia ... #causes #endocrinology
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
The Diagnostic Approach ... to Hyperkalemia ... transplant - SLE High ... Beta-Blockers #Hyperkalemia ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... abdominal pain, hypotension ... hyponatremia, hyperkalemia ... insufficiency likely: • High ... #endocrinology
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... multi-drug resistance) Renal ... syndrome • AKI/CKD ... Hyperthyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical features: 
 - Weight loss, anorexia, Weakness, fatigue, GI distress
 - Hypotension,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... GI distress - Hypotension ... Hyperpigmented skin (due to high ... Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia ... Stimulation #StimTest #Endocrinology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Differential Diagnosis Approach ... disorders including hypokalemia ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Hyperthyroidism, Hypercalcemia ... disease: CKD, acute
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Causes of Chronic ... • Diabetes • Hypertension ... Hyperoxaluria • Hypercalcemia ... Hyperphosphatemia #CKD ... #Causes
Benign Adrenal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hyperplasia - Often Bilateral
 • Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
 • ACTH
Benign Adrenal Mass ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Congenital Adrenal ... +/- Hypokalemia ... #Endocrinology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Suspicion for Hyperkalemia ... Drugs Causing Hyperkalemia ... Metabolic acidosis - Hyperkalemia ... cantaloupe #hyperkalemia