9 results
Causes of Hemiplegia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cerebral Hemisphere (Contralateral motor cortex)
 • Aphasia
 • Apraxia
 •
Causes of Hemiplegia ... • Aphasia • Apraxia ... Cognition/Confusion, Dementia ... Brown-Sequard Syndrome ... #Hemiplegia #Neurology
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... Weakness • Spinal ... Guillain-Barre syndrome ... : Acid maltase deficiency ... #diagnosis #neurology
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
Upper Extremity Dermatomes ... hand" ± Horner Syndrome ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... anesthesia and deltoid weakness ... Myotomes #diagnosis #neurology
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Lower Extremity Dermatomes ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Commonly caused ... claudication and weakness ... Myotomes #diagnosis #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... Causes of spinal ... • Extrinsic Causes ... Vitamin B12, Copper deficiency ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Myoedema in Hypothyroidism on Physical Exam

Hypothyroidism is a clinical syndrome resulting from the production, secretion or
is a clinical syndrome ... drowsiness, weight gain ... characterized by muscle weakness ... reflex hammer, caused ... clinical #video #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
- Emergency Causes ... lower extremity weakness ... region (S2-S4 dermatomes ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
/paralysis - Weakness ... of injury • Gait ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
The Stages of Syphilis 

Primary Syphilis 
- The chancre lesion is the hallmark of primary syphilis.
soles in 50% of cases ... have positive serology ... tabes dorsalis, gait ... impairments, and dementia ... to those of B12 deficiency