19 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
stroke, Acute spinal ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia ... Hyperthyroidism, Serotonin syndrome ... diagnosis #table #neurology
Causes of Hemiplegia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cerebral Hemisphere (Contralateral motor cortex)
 • Aphasia
 • Apraxia
 •
• Aphasia • Apraxia ... Cognition/Confusion, Dementia ... findings Unilateral Spinal ... Brown-Sequard Syndrome ... #Hemiplegia #Neurology
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
mutations - Down syndrome ... chromosome 21) Signs ... incontinence, apraxia ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia ... #symptoms
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... • Central Cord Syndrome ... Posterior Cord Syndrome ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Syndromes Spinal ... Causes of spinal ... Brown-Séquard Syndrome ... #Cord #syndromes ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Cauda Equina Syndrome ... - Cauda equina syndrome ... of Cauda Equina Syndrome ... #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
and signs below ... of injury • Gait ... Cord Causes: 1 ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Other brainstem syndromes ... Hypothalamic or thalamic syndromes ... erythematosus, Sjögren syndrome ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Causes of Peripheral ... (Wallenberg's syndrome ... Syndrome usually ... signs or symptoms ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
of Tuberculosis Spinal ... Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... Worsening of previous neurologic ... • Caused by immune ... differential #TB #neurology