9 results
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
Disorder (HAND) ... infects the CNS ... ataxia ... #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
Causes of Hemiplegia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cerebral Hemisphere (Contralateral motor cortex)
 • Aphasia
 • Apraxia
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Apraxia • ... Cognition/Confusion, Dementia ... #Hemiplegia #Neurology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Suspect in movement disorders ... , gait ataxia, and ... differential #diagnosis #AIDS ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Summary Acute AIDP ... Campylobacter jejuni - HIV ... Decreased / Absent Reflexes ... Opthaloplegia • Ataxia ... management #treatment #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
equina syndrome (CES ... cord infarct • HIV ... cord • Guillain-Barre ... wink test - reflex ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Causes of Dysarthria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Lower Motor Neuron - Slow, Low Volume, Breathy Speech, Tongue
hyperactive gag reflex ... Lateral Sclerosis Ataxic ... Spinal-Cerebellar Ataxia ... Paraneoplastic Disorder ... #Dysarthria #Neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Spinal Cord Disorders ... , HIV, CMV, HTLV ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... #diagnosis #neurology ... differential #algorithm
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Focal inflammatory disorder ... that results in CNS ... Spasticity - Reflexes ... simplex virus, HIV ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Hearing Loss - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hearing Loss Types:
• Conductive
• Sensorineural
• Mixed
Presbycusis is the most common type
include a: • Neurologic ... auditory nerve (CN ... Mitochondrial disorders ... Labyrinthitis ○ Epstein-Barr ... zoster virus ○ HIV