14 results
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
Disorder (HAND) ... infects the CNS ... ataxia ... #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
CNS Infection in ... HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Infections in HIV ... #CNS #Infections ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Causes of Hemiplegia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cerebral Hemisphere (Contralateral motor cortex)
 • Aphasia
 • Apraxia
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Apraxia • ... Cognition/Confusion, Dementia ... #Hemiplegia #Neurology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Stroke Mimics - Differential Diagnosis - MINT Mnemonic
 • Metabolic: Hyper-glycemia, Hypoglycemia, Wernicke's encephalopathy, Mitochondrial Encephalopathy
Lactic Acidosis and ... Hypercarbia • Infectious ... Vestibular neuronitis, CNS ... Sclerosis, Conversion Disorder ... MINT #Mnemonic #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Non-neuromuscular disorder ... • Inflammatory disorders ... parainfluenza, Coxsackie, HIV ... aminotransferases • Serology ... Differential #Diagnosis #neurology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
history of cancer, HIV ... Systemic symptoms and ... brain lesion • CNS ... infection (e.g. ... #neurology #PHANTOMS
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Infections: - ... HIV, CMV, HTLV ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... #diagnosis #neurology ... differential #algorithm
Causes of Dysarthria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Lower Motor Neuron - Slow, Low Volume, Breathy Speech, Tongue
hyperactive gag reflex ... Lateral Sclerosis Ataxic ... Spinal-Cerebellar Ataxia ... Paraneoplastic Disorder ... #Dysarthria #Neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
equina syndrome (CES ... epidural hematoma • infections ... cord infarct • HIV ... toon • Spinal infection ... diagnosis #causes #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Focal inflammatory disorder ... that results in CNS ... Spasticity - Reflexes ... simplex virus, HIV ... diagnosis #management #neurology