20 results
Causes of Hemiplegia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cerebral Hemisphere (Contralateral motor cortex)
 • Aphasia
 • Apraxia
 •
Algorithm Cerebral ... • Apraxia • ... Cognition/Confusion, Dementia ... Unilateral Spinal Cord ... #Hemiplegia #Neurology
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
seizure, primitive reflexes ... incontinence, apraxia ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia ... pathophysiology #geriatrics #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Clinical features of focal cortical brain lesions in a right-handed individual

Frontal, either:  
Intellectual impairment, 
Personality
right: Dressing apraxia ... left: Limb apraxia ... #Localization #Symptoms ... #Signs #Diagnosis ... #Neurology
Spinal Cord Injury by Nerve Root Levels
Spinal Root	Sensory	Motor	Reflex
C4	Acromioclavicular Joint	Respiration	None
C5	Radial Antecubital Fossa	Elbow Flexion	Biceps Reflex
C6	Dorsal Thumb	Wrist Extension	Brachioradialis Reflex
C7	Dorsal
Spinal Cord Injury ... Sensory Motor Reflex ... Sphincter None #SpinalCord ... #differential #diagnosis ... #Neurology #Spine
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
bladder and rectal reflex ... and #Acute #SpinalCord ... Injury #Syndromes #diagnosis ... pathophysiology #signs #symptoms ... #orthopedics #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... #spinalcord #disorders ... #diagnosis #neurology ... differential #algorithm
Hypothyroidism – symptoms and signs.

Symptoms: 
Tiredness/malaise, 
Weight gain,
Anorexia,
Cold intolerance, 
Poor memory,
Change in appearance, 
Depression, 
Poor libido,
Symptoms: Tiredness ... slowness, Psychosis/dementia ... , Ataxia, Poverty ... Slow-relaxing reflexes ... #Diagnosis #PhysicalExam
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Algorithm • Confirm ... nephrolithiasis • Symptoms ... → Refer to Nephrology ... and referral to Urology ... #urology #blood
Migraine with Aura
Diagnostic Criteria (ICHD-3):
A) At least 2 attacks fulfilling criteria B and C:
B) One or
Migraine with Aura Diagnostic ... /word-finding difficulty ... another ICHD-3 diagnosis ... Migraine #Aura #diagnosis ... #criteria #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... in deep tendon reflexes ... unilateral) #SpinalCord ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology