53 results
Causes of Dementia / Cognitive Impairment - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Affecting Multiple Domains
 • Depression
 • Delirium
Decline
Causes of Dementia ... Cognitive Impairment - Differential ... - Treatable Causes ... • Normal Pressure ... #Neurology #Differential
Causes of Hemiplegia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cerebral Hemisphere (Contralateral motor cortex)
 • Aphasia
 • Apraxia
 •
(Contralateral motor ... • Aphasia • Apraxia ... Cognition/Confusion, Dementia ... Brown-Sequard Syndrome ... #Hemiplegia #Neurology
A normal plantar reflex response involves toe flexion, or even no movement. A positive test, also
A normal plantar ... reflex response ... with an upper motor ... #Plantar #PhysicalExam ... #Diagnosis #Neurology
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
mutations - Down syndrome ... concentration • Motor ... seizure, primitive reflexes ... incontinence, apraxia ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia
Hoffmann's Sign

Hoffman's sign means upper motor neuron injury.  The Hoffmann's reflex test itself involves loosely
sign means upper motor ... The Hoffmann's reflex ... #Positive #Abnormal ... clinical #video #neurology ... #physicalexam
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
consciousness Differential ... • Locked-in syndrome ... movements; also normal ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #comatose
Orbicularis Reflex in an Alzheimer's Patient on Physical Exam

Alzheimer's is a degenerative, progressive and irreversible disease.
time, and can cause ... examination is usually normal ... loss present in dementia ... #PhysicalExam # ... clinical #video #neurology
Causes of Peripheral Weakness without Sensory Changes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
No Objective Weakness
 • Cardio-pulmonary disease
Causes of Peripheral ... Sensory Changes - Differential ... Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome ... Peripheral #Weakness #Neurology ... #Differential #
Spinal Cord Injury by Nerve Root Levels
Spinal Root	Sensory	Motor	Reflex
C4	Acromioclavicular Joint	Respiration	None
C5	Radial Antecubital Fossa	Elbow Flexion	Biceps Reflex
C6	Dorsal Thumb	Wrist Extension	Brachioradialis Reflex
C7	Dorsal
Spinal Root Sensory Motor ... C6 Dorsal Thumb ... C7 Dorsal Middle ... NerveRoots #Levels #differential ... #diagnosis #Neurology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... Hyperthyroidism, Serotonin syndrome ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table #neurology