18 results
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential ... deficiency • Drugs: Calcium ... Pancreatitis, Sepsis ... Hypocalcemia #Workup #Differential ... Algorithm #nephrology #calcium
Causes of Wide Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis
Physiologic:
 • Advanced age-arteriosclerosis (less compliant arteries)
 • Well
Causes of Wide Pulse ... Pressure - Differential ... Hyperdynamic circulation/High ... Vasoplegia • Sepsis ... Diagnosis #causes #cardiology
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High Phosphate
LOW PHOSPHATE
 - Low/NormaI PTH
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... Activating Mutation in Calcium ... Pseudo-hypoparathyroidism) • Calcium ... #Hypocalcemia #Differential ... Algorithm #Phosphate #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Elevated PTH (High ... Bony Mets - Calcium ... Hypercalcemia #Differential ... Algorithm #causes #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
histoplasmosis) • Milk (calcium ... Hypercalcemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #calcium ... #high #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Autosomal Dominant Calcium ... MEN) Drug Side ... Other • Excess Calcium ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
PTH - Frankly high ... Hypercalcemia #workup #differential ... #diagnosis #endocrinology ... #calcium #elevated
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Pulse Pressure - Differential ... Hyperdynamic circulation/High ... Vasoplegia • Sepsis ... rate of 23.3% • Wide ... Pathophysiology #causes #cardiology
Quincke's Pulse in a patient with a normal echocardiogram (non-valvular)

A 70 y/o man presents with new
orthopnea/PND, wide ... Quincke's pulse = high-output ... RHC to confirm high-output ... highest on my differential ... Fingernails #Nailbed #Cardiology
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology
1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
As a result, calcium ... intracellular calcium ... Hyperkalemia (high ... potassium levels) is a side ... Pathophysiology #cardiology