10 results
Urine Microscopy - Kidney Stones and Crystals 

Uric Acid, Cystine, Hippurate, Cloth Fiber, Tyrosine, CaOx, CaP,
Microscopy - Kidney Stones ... Uric Acid, Cystine ... Identification #Differential ... Diagnosis #Clinical #Stones ... #Key #Nephrology
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Causes of Nephrolithiasis ... - Differential ... Nephrolithiasis #Nephrology ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
Renal Calculi Calcium ... >2000 mg/day) Cystine ... #Types #Renal #stones ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Algorithm and Differential ... ultrasonography, serum calcium ... osmolarity If cause ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Hypoglycemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Fasting Hypoglycemia:
 • Excess Insulin
 • Medications (e.g. Insulin Secretagogues, ß-Adrenergic Antagonists,
Hypoglycemia - Differential ... Cardiac Failure) • Sepsis ... Hyperinsulinemic States ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Metabolic Causes ... of Kidney Stones ... Hyperoxaluria • Cystine ... #pediatrics #nephrology ... #differential #
Causes of Cystic Renal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign - Anechoic on ultrasound, Well-demarcated on ultrasound/CT,
Causes of Cystic ... Renal Mass - Differential ... leukocytosis, Positive Gallium ... #RenalMass #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... sweating, burns, sepsis ... Hypercalcemic states ... #differential # ... diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis: Differential ... acidosis) • Cystic ... deficiency • Milk (calcium ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis
Decreased calcium absorption
 • Vitamin D deficiency
    -
Causes of Hypocalcemia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Decreased calcium ... Miscellaneous • Sepsis ... #endocrinology