15 results
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Hypercalcemia Low ... Bony Mets - Calcium ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #endocrinology
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential ... deficiency • Drugs: Calcium ... Pancreatitis, Sepsis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #calcium
Low Anion Gap - Various causes and mechanisms of a Low Anion Gap
 • Hypoalbuminemia (1gm
Various causes and ... acidosis • High Calcium ... #AnionGap #causes ... #differential # ... diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Causes of Nephrolithiasis ... - Differential ... solubility: • Low ... Nephrolithiasis #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Hypercalcemia Evaluation
1) Clinical clues
 - Is the patient symptomatic?
 - Family history?
 - Have you done
Evaluation 1) Clinical clues ... FeCa <1 %) - Low ... Hypercalcemia #workup #differential ... #diagnosis #endocrinology ... #calcium #elevated
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Serum Mg: GI losses, Renal losses, Alcoholism, Malnutrition, Drug-Induced
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... Intact PTH Level Elevated ... sunlight • Other Causes ... pancreatitis, Sepsis ... #Hypocalcemia #Differential
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Algorithm and Differential ... ultrasonography, serum calcium ... osmolarity If cause ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Lithium use • Calcium-sensing ... • Sarcoidosis (elevated ... #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #differential
Laboratory Evaluation of Patients for Thyroid Disease 
Hyperthyroidism:
 • Graves disease - TSH low; free T4
high; in some cases ... , T3 is elevated ... ; TRAbs or TSI elevated ... #hyperthyroid #differential ... #diagnosis #endocrinology
Causes of Hypocalcemia by Clinical Cause

Acute illness: pancreatitis, tumor lysis, severe illness - Secondary hyperparathyroidism from
hyperparathyroidism from low ... circulating calcium ... Neck surgery - Low ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Endocrinology