34 results
Urine Microscopy - Kidney Stones and Crystals 

Uric Acid, Cystine, Hippurate, Cloth Fiber, Tyrosine, CaOx, CaP,
Urine Microscopy - Kidney ... Acyclovir CaP: Calcium ... Identification #Differential ... #Stones #Key #Nephrology ... #Sediment #Kidney
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate ... Hypoparathyroidism - Calcium-sensing ... deficiency - Chronic kidney ... Hyperparathyroidism #Diagnosis #Endocrinology ... #Differential
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Causes of Acute Kidney ... perfusion: • Cardiac failure ... • Sepsis • ... #Differential # ... Nephrology **
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Renal Failure, Post-Renal ... Autosomal Dominant Calcium ... Breast, Kidney, ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... Algorithm and Differential ... ultrasonography, serum calcium ... imaging #Acute #Kidney ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... Dehydration • Heart failure ... syndrome) • Liver failure ... necrosis (causes: sepsis ... Classification #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Extravascular: Pancreatitis, surgery, acute phosphate intake and renal
Hypocalcemia - Differential ... intake and renal failure ... Drug induced: Calcium ... Pseudohypoparathyroidism, Chronic Kidney ... #Hypocalcemia #Differential
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure ... histoplasmosis) • Milk (calcium ... Hypercalcemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #calcium ... #high #endocrinology
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Nephrolithiasis - Differential ... Radiolucent - Non-calcium ... Medullary sponge kidney ... Nephrolithiasis #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential ... deficiency • Drugs: Calcium ... Pancreatitis, Sepsis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #calcium