51 results
Beta-Blockers in Cirrhosis
 • Pathophysiology
 • Indications:  Prevention of decompensation, Prevention of first variceal bleeding,
in Cirrhosis • Pathophysiology ... first variceal bleeding ... Prevention of variceal rebleeding ... BetaBlockers #Cirrhosis #hepatology
Causes of Bleeding / Bruising - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Thrombocytopenia - Quantitative Defect
 • Decreased Production
 •
Causes of Bleeding ... • Factor VIII Deficiency ... • Factor IX Deficiency ... Coagulation #Bleeding ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
• Vitamin C deficiency ... Pernicious anemia/B12 deficiency ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... ) - Waddling gait ... Hyophosphatasia #hepatology
Mechanisms Driving Increased Thrombosis and Bleeding in Liver Disease
Increased Thrombosis 
Increased Platelet-Vesset Wall Interaction 
 •
Thrombosis and Bleeding ... #Thrombosis #Bleeding ... Clot #Cirrhosis #Pathophysiology ... #Hepatology #Liver
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Cholestasis • ALP ... GGT/5-NT: ↑ • ALP ... disease • If ALP ... RBC (hemolysis, bleeding ... #differential #Hepatology
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
80 fL) • Iron Deficiency ... 80-100 fL) • Bleeding ... 100 fL) • B12 Deficiency ... • Folate Deficiency ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Algorithm Severe ALT ... • Pregnancy - AFLP ... HELLP Moderate ALT ... • AIH • A1AT deficiency ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology
Hemostasis Physiology

The blood's response to blood vessel injury can be viewed as four interrelated steps. 
Roman
ADP, adenosine diphosphate ... #Hemostasis #Pathophysiology ... Coagulation #Cascade #Hematology
Mixing Study
 • Clotting tests can be abnormal due to either a clotting factor deficiency, or
clotting factor deficiency ... Patient has a factor deficiency ... Study #diagnosis #hematology ... #pathophysiology ... #hematology #laboratory
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Microcytic - Iron-deficiency ... Thalassemia, Iron-deficiency ... Liver diseases, Bleeding ... cells - G-6-PD deficiency ... #differential #hematology