22 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
- Nephrotic syndrome ... - Acute and ... chronic kidney disease ... Drugs - SIADH Renal ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
- Classification ... a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome ... a.k.a. hepatorenal syndrome ... necrosis (causes ... #diagnosis #nephrology
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
and less common diseases ... diagnosis and treatment ... Inflammatory causes ... • Acute disseminated ... #neurology #inflammatory
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Acute Kidney Injury ... gammopathy of renal ... malignancies Treatment ... Differential #Diagnosis #Classification ... #Nephrology
Cardiorenal Syndrome (CRS) Types
 • Type 1 - Acute CRS: Alteration of renal perfusion is the
Cardiorenal Syndrome ... Types • Type 1 - Acute ... effects • Type 3 - Acute ... shifts may be in cause ... Types #cardiology #nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... thromboembolism, renal ... tumors INTRINSINC RENAL ... • Primary GNs: Disease
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... Acquired - Primary renal ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... Treatment is aimed ... #Types #Nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Disease Associations ... are seen in acute ... Advanced kidney disease ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
Glucose/Temp • ACS ... Bradycardia • Renal ... • Acute rheumatic ... Spondylarthropathies Other causes ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
An acute rise or ... heart failure, neurologic ... Renal parenchymal ... disease: CKD, acute ... Neurologic disorders