22 results
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Kidney Injury ( ... • Sepsis • Blood ... • Inflammatory disease ... #Kidney #Injury ... #Differential #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... Dehydration • Heart failure ... syndrome) • Liver failure ... #Kidney #Injury ... Classification #diagnosis #nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Kidney Injury AKI ... HEMODYNAMIC • Cardiac failure ... • Primary GNs: Disease ... Tubular Injury/ ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Acute Kidney Injury ... LC deposition disease ... Minimal change disease ... malignancies Treatment ... Classification #Nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Torsemide) • Acute ... hyperaldosteronism • Acute ... Prevention of blood ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Cerebrovascular Disease ... thrombosis and/or blood-brain ... Puncture, EEG Treatment ... Erythematosus #SLE #CNS #neurology ... #rheumatology #
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
UA positive for blood ... Treatment: ... Treatment of underlying ... disease 2. ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• Trauma/Crush injury ... • Blood transfusion ... • Addison’s disease ... insufficiency/Failure ... potassium #high #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
papilledema, heart failure ... , neurologic disturbance ... injury). 6. ... Renal parenchymal disease ... Neurologic disorders
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
Acute Hemolytic ... hypoTN, renal failure ... Transfusion Related Acute ... Lung Injury (TRALI ... diagnosis #management #hematology