17 results
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Simplified Approach to Acute ... Kidney Injury ( ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... are caused by prerenal ... , RBCs, casts, crystals
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... syndrome - Acute ... and chronic kidney ... disease Normovolemic ... #Table #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... - Classification ... necrosis (causes ... #Kidney #Injury ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
suggestive of acute ... in a variety of acute ... and chronic kidney ... diseases • Fatty ... interpretation #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Acute Kidney Injury ... Light chain (LC) cast ... malignancies Treatment ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Classification
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... are seen in acute ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts
Angioedema - Classification Diagnosis and Treatment
Types of Angioedema:
 • Acute allergic angioedema - Usually occurs with
Angioedema - Classification ... Diagnosis and Treatment ... Angioedema: • Acute ... Acute Angioedema ... cell-mediated in > 90% of cases
Lupus Nephritis - Diagnostic approach to kidney disease associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
SLE patient develops
disease associated ... sediment (dysmorphic RBCs ... , RBC casts, WBC ... casts) especially ... algorithm #sle #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... Torsemide) • Acute ... stones caused by ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... with previously stable ... kidney injury). ... Renal parenchymal disease ... Neurologic disorders