22 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
repeat testing • Acute ... WBCs, or urine ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
- Acute B1 (Thiamine ... Anorexia nervosa Treatment ... • A prompt treatment ... development of Korsakoff syndrome ... #Management #neurology
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
hematuria (RBC casts ... or dysmorphic RBCs ... in urine)? ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Simplified Approach to Acute ... require urgent nephrology ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... , RBCs, casts, crystals ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... and Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... #nephrology #causes
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
and treatment can ... Inflammatory causes ... • Acute disseminated ... #neurology #inflammatory ... #differential #diagnosis
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... are seen in acute ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of acute ... in a variety of acute ... #nephrology #interpretation ... #diagnosis
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ... , ADEM, Acute toxic ... • Treatment of ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #management #neurology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Demyelinating Syndrome ... Meningitis, Myelopathy, Encephalopathy ... autoantibodies that will cause ... permeability Diagnosis ... Erythematosus #SLE #CNS #neurology