29 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Diagnosis, and ... - Acute and chronic ... Vomiting - Diarrhea ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... deficiency, Salt-losing ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... : • Acute or chronic
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
Etiologies of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis GI losses ... Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
Inhibitors - Chronic ... Hypoaldosteronism #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Renin ... #Aldosterone #Comparison ... #Table #Causes
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... is usually caused ... the underlying cause ... correction of chronic ... #Differential #
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Diagnosis: Causes ... glycol (present in IV ... acetaminophen dosing ... acidosis: - Diarrhea ... Interpretation #Diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... Nephrotic Syndrome, Chronic ... Algorithm #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Cold Urticaria
Prevalence - 0.05% in the population
Disease onset - Mostly 2nd to 4th decades of life
Causes
decades of life Causes ... abdominal pain, diarrhea ... Atopic diseases, Chronic ... #rheumatology #comparison ... #table
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
GI losses - Chronic ... diarrhea / IBD ... #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... net charge) • Diarrhea ... RTA Type II • Carbonic ... TTKG • RTA Type IV ... #Causes