17 results
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Loss (Negative urine ... net charge) • Diarrhea ... Cell Problem - Low ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Causes
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... (late) • High Urine ... #Nephrology #Causes
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Mg < 10g • Diarrhea ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low ... #Causes #Differential
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology ... #low
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... Gastrointestinal loss: Diarrhea ... #potassium #differential ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... the indicated causes ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
Hypomagnesemia #algorithm ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low