12 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Differential ... diarrhea), Sweat ... - Normal/low ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... acidosis: Chronic diarrhea
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... • Normal/low ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Decreased Intake: • Low ... NGT suction - Diarrhea ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... #Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
• Normal or low ... Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... diarrhea Potential ... nephrology #management #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... losses (NG suction, diarrhea ... vomiting) • Low
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis ... : Differential Diagnosis ... diarrhea (congenital ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... #Differential #
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #differential #
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Hypomagnesemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Mg < 10g • Diarrhea ... nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC) • Gitelman's ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Appropriately Low ... Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea ... Acute Respiratory Alkalosis