28 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Warm Extremities
 - Distributive Shock - Low JVP
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Distributive Shock - Low ... Vomiting • Diarrhea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Mg < 10g • Diarrhea ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low ... #Causes #Differential
What is the difference between ischemic colitis and mesenteric ischemia?
A common misnomer. Mesenteric ischemia and ischemic
scripts and initial treatment ... algorithms. ... to nonocclusive low ... flow states • ... tenderness, bloody diarrhea
Metformin Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action:
 • Suppresses gluconeogenesis by the liver
 • Increases insulin-mediated glucose utilization
Metformin Pharmacology ... agent • Does not cause ... hypoglycemia • Low ... effects (e.g. diarrhea ... #Metformin #Pharmacology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... - Normal/low ... acidosis: Chronic diarrhea ... #causes #urinary
Leptospirosis
Pathogen: Leptospira (interrogans, kirschneri, noguchii)
Risk Factors:
 • Occupational exposure - Farmers, ranchers, trappers, veterinarians
 • Recreational
infestations • Low ... non-productive cough, nausea ... , vomiting and diarrhea ... microbiology #diagnosis #treatment
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... consumption • Low
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... net charge) • Diarrhea ... Cell Problem - Low ... #Causes