11 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... volume loss - diarrhea ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... diarrhea ... acidosis due to diarrhea ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Acute Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Are the following present?
   1.
Algorithm for the ... Evaluation of Acute ... Ova and parasite ... Hospitalization required #Acute ... #algorithm #workup
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... NGT suction - Diarrhea ... • Fatigue Chloride ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology ... #Chloride
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Algorithm Isotonic ... Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... #Differential #Algorithm ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
contracted: urine chloride ... diarrhea (congenital ... postchronic hypercapnia (acute ... expanded: urine chloride ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea ... Refeeding Syndrome, Acute ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #phosphorus
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Renal failure (acute ... Diarrhea B. ... loads (ammonium chloride ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology