17 results
Diagnostic Approach to Hyponatremia
Box A:
 • Normo/hyperosmolar Hyponatremia: Glucose, Mannitol, Glycine, Contrast media, Maltose
 • Pseudohyponatremia:
Diagnostic Approach ... Osmoles: Urea, Alcohol ... Primary Polydipsia, Low ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #workup
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypernatremia ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... loss • Watery Diarrhea
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Endocrine ... Neoplastic / Hematologic ... Arthritis • SLE ... Alcohol) • Drug
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... Nephrotic Syndrome, Chronic ... Methanol, Isopropyl Alcohol ... #diagnosis #causes ... nephrology #sodium #low
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
 • Epidemiology: 10-180/100,000, Typically Age 20-40, F:M
) - Diagnosis and ... • Immunologic Workup ... 60-80% - Low ... • Evolution: Chronic ... Erythematosus #Diagnosis
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
GI losses - Chronic ... diarrhea / IBD ... dysfunction - Alcohol ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm - Urinary ... - Normal/low ... diarrhea, Kidney ... ketoacidosis, Alcoholic
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Low Kidney Phosphate ... GI Absorption: Chronic ... Diarrhea, Antacids ... #phosphorus #workup
Causes of Polycythemia (Erythrocytosis) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative - Normal RBC Mass / Decreased Plasma Volume
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Relative ... • Burns • Diarrhea ... JAK-2 Positive - Low ... #Hematology
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
• Immunologic Workup ... in >90% - Low ... 60-80% - Low ... • Evolution: Chronic ... #diagnosis #management