14 results
Acid Base and Blood Gas Analysis
1. pH - What’s the primary disturbance?
2. pCO2 - What’s the
Acid Base and Blood ... Vomiting D - Diarrhea ... - Contraction alkalosis ... MD @nickmmark #acidbase ... #workup #algorithm
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea ... Acute Respiratory Alkalosis ... inhibitor, Estrogen based ... #nephrology #phosphorus ... #workup
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... , Gitelman syndrome ... acidosis: Chronic diarrhea ... • Normal acid-base
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... Acidosis - RTA - Diarrhea ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... Malabsorption, Chronic diarrhea ... Glucose, Acute resp. alkalosis ... Denosumab, Estrogen based ... #phosphate #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... poisoning Normal acid-base ... #nephrology #differential
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Normal Acid-Base ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... • Refeeding syndrome ... losses (NG suction, diarrhea ... #nephrology #low
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... and metabolic alkalosis ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Diagnosis and Workup ... volume loss - diarrhea ... • nephrotic syndrome ... Hypernatremia #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology