28 results
Endocarditis checklist
Initial evaluation
 • Peripheral blood cultures (three sets at three different sites)
 • Additional culture
Endocarditis checklist ... consultation • Valve ... block (+/- daily EKG ... growth or worsening valve ... #diagnosis #management
Relative Risk of Various Predisoosing Conditions for Infective Endocarditis 
High Risk:
 - Prosthetic valves 
 -
for Infective Endocarditis ... - Prosthetic valves ... - Aortic valve ... #RiskFactors #Cardiology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Osborn (J Wave)

Etiology 
• Hypothermia (below 320C / SOOF) 
• Normal variant 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Neurological
No prognostic value ... Osborn #JWave #Diagnosis ... #Differential # ... Cardiology #EKG ... #ECG #Hypothermia
Counterclockwise and (Left) vs Clockwise (Right) Flutter
Typical atrial flutter is counterclockwise in direction and originates from
the tricuspid valve ... appearance on ECG ... #Diagnosis #ECG ... #EKG #Cardiology ... Flutter #Types #Classification
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
fever, Infective endocarditis ... • Prosthetic valve ... Mitral annulus valve ... Regurgitation #differential ... #diagnosis #cardiology
Causes of Severe Aortic Regurgitation - Differential Diagnosis
Acute:
 • Leaflet: Traumatic Rupture, Acute Infective Endocarditis, Acute
Regurgitation - Differential ... Diagnosis Acute ... Acute Infective Endocarditis ... Acute Prosthetic Valve ... #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
• Prosthetic valve ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... ↑ ESR, CRP • EKG ... #Endocarditis #diagnosis ... #management #cardiology
Approach to ECGs - Syncope Syndromes
Electrolytes
 • ↑K - brady, peak T, wide QRS, no P,
Syncope #Syndromes #ECG ... #EKG #Checklist ... #diagnosis #cardiology ... electrocardiogram #differential
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
Bradycardia - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Endocarditis + ... • Post cardiac/Valve ... #cardiology #BRADI
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis ... BCNIE Diagnostic ... special stains (e.g ... Negative #Infective #Endocarditis ... #diagnosis #differential