21 results
Relative Risk of Various Predisoosing Conditions for Infective Endocarditis 
High Risk:
 - Prosthetic valves 
 -
for Infective Endocarditis ... - Prosthetic valves ... - Aortic valve ... #RiskFactors #Cardiology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Osborn (J Wave)

Etiology 
• Hypothermia (below 320C / SOOF) 
• Normal variant 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Neurological
No prognostic value ... JWave #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Cardiology #EKG ... #ECG #Hypothermia
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
fever, Infective endocarditis ... • Prosthetic valve ... Mitral annulus valve ... Regurgitation #differential ... #diagnosis #cardiology
Causes of Severe Aortic Regurgitation - Differential Diagnosis
Acute:
 • Leaflet: Traumatic Rupture, Acute Infective Endocarditis, Acute
Regurgitation - Differential ... Acute Infective Endocarditis ... Acute Prosthetic Valve ... Infection: Infective Endocarditis ... Regurgitation #Differential
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
• Prosthetic valve ... Influenza Prosthetic Valve ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... ↑ ESR, CRP • EKG ... #management #cardiology
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis ... microbiological techniques Work-up ... special stains (e.g ... #diagnosis #differential ... #workup #infectiousdiseases
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
Bradycardia - Differential ... syndrome • Aortic Valve ... Endocarditis + ... • Post cardiac/Valve ... #Bradycardia #differential
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... and Differential ... previously stable values ... #Hypertension #Workup ... #causes #Differential
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
Surgical devices, e.g ... Sepsis (→ 3-14) e.g ... amphetamines) Toxic: • Radiologic ... #Hyperthermia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
LAA Thrombus), Valve ... disease, prosthetic valve ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... Embolism #diagnosis #differential ... scoring #criteria #cardiology