15 results
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis - Impaired Excretion vs Redistribution

Impaired Urinary Excretion 
 - Renal failure
 -
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Medications - Beta ... blockers - Calcineurin ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Table
Bradycardia Diagnostic and Management Algorithm

CONSIDER ETIOLOGY (not inclusive): 
 - STRUCTURAL: sick sinus, AV block, ischemia,
and Management Algorithm ... Hypothyroidism - TOX: beta-blockers ... TREATMENT - Drugs (beta-blockers ... Electrolytes (hyperkalemia ... #Differential
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... cells: Insulin, Beta-Agonist ... causes #potassium #low ... #pathophysiology
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
Ketoconazole Low ... - NSAlDs - Beta-Blockers ... #Hyperkalemia ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #differential #
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia ... inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers ... MunerMohamed1 #hyperkalemia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Alkalosis • ↑ beta ... vomiting) • Low ... #Differential #
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Reduced Excretion - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Aldosterone • ENaC blockers ... nephropathy • Beta
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Hypomagnesemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Diuretics • Hypercalcemia-PTH ... Na-KATPase, EGFR,HNF-1beta ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
Diagnosis: • ↓ Low ... ↑ T3 - Mild hypercalcemia ... Treatment: - Beta ... Treatment: • Beta ... causes #diagnosis #differential
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... can be high or low ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... #diagnosis #table