2831 results
Approach to Neonatal Jaundice

Causes of pathologic hyperbilirubinemia can be classified as due to (1) increased bilirubin
Neonatal Jaundice Causes ... (1) increased bilirubin ... , (2) impaired bilirubin ... or (3) impaired bilirubin
Classification of Jaundice
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (predominantly indirect bilirubin)
 • Increased bilirubin production (eg, hemolytic anemias, hemolytic reactions,
predominantly indirect bilirubin ... • Increased bilirubin ... ) • Impaired bilirubin ... miscellaneous causes ... #differential #causes
Hemolysis - Diagnostic Algorithm and Causes

Increased red cell production: 
 • Increased Reticulocytosis/polychromasia 
 • Erythroid
Algorithm and Causes ... Increased Serum bilirubin ... #Differential #Causes
Inherited Non-hemolytic Disorders of Hyperbilirubinemia 

== Disorders of Conjugation ==
Gilbert Syndrome:
 • 5-10% of the population
birth with serum bilirubin ... associated with bilirubin ... and stress may cause ... in conjugated bilirubin ... in conjugated bilirubin
Approach to Conjugated Hyperbilirubinemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

1. Definition: T.bili elevation + >20% conjugated
2. Obtain RUQ
non-ICU vs ICU causes ... Hyperbilirubinemia #direct #bilirubin
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
haptoglobin ↑ indirect bilirubin ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause
Ascites - Diagnostic Approach and Differential Diagnosis
The most common causes: cirrhosis, malignancy and heart failure. Approx
The most common causes ... more than one cause ... brown: elevated bilirubin ... chylous ascites), bilirubin
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Increased Unconjugated Bilirubin ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... , haptoglobin, bilirubin ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Portal Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis
Portal Pressure = the pressure difference between the pressure in the portal
hepatorenal syndrome Clues ... function: INR, bilirubin ... Post-Hepatic: • Cardiac causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes