13 results
Pharmacology of diuretics

Acetazolamide, Loop diuretics, Thiazide‐like diuretics, MRA, Amiloride

Site of Action, Maximum Dose, Half-Life, Onset, Bioavailability,
Half-Life, Onset, Bioavailability ... , Absorption # ... Pharmacology #Comparison #Table
The following table from MacGregor (1997) summarizes the bioavailability of many commonly used antibiotics:
#EBM #Pharmacology #InfectiousDiseases
The following table ... summarizes the bioavailability ... #Antibiotics #Absorption ... PeakSerumLevels #Bioavailability ... #Table #first10em
Causes of Iron Deficiency
 • Diet: ↓ Intake, e.g. vegan, Malnutrition, Polyphenol / tannins, ↓ Vitamin
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... Vitamin C • ↓ Absorption ... Others: Hemolysis, Iron ... @drkeithsiau #Iron ... Deficiency #Causes #differential
Causes of Iron Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Blood loss: GI (cancer, ulcer, IBD), GU
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... - Differential ... Hemodialysis • Iron ... loss of sites of absorption ... #Deficiency #Differential
Causes of Hyperferritinemia - Differential Diagnosis
Ferritin > 1000
Ferritin is the storage form of iron. Increased hepcidin
Hyperferritinemia - Differential ... cause increased GI absorption ... of iron. ... to differentiate ... Hyperferritinemia #Differential
Causes of Iron Deficiency
 • Inadequate Intake: Vegetarian/vegan diet, Malnutrition
 • Increased Body Needs: Infants/preschoolers, Pregnancy,
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... Steroids • Reduced absorption ... IBD, cancer) #Iron ... #Deficiency #differential
Characteristics of Commonly Used Phosphate Binders 
Aluminum 
 - Potent and effective 
 - Useful for
- No systemic absorption ... - Significant absorption ... of iron that may ... decrease iron and ... Phosphate #Binders #Table
Causes of Copper Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis
Hereditary: 
 - Menkes disease, familial hypoceruloplasminemia
Decreased / Inadequate Intake:
Copper Deficiency - Differential ... or inadequate absorption ... supplementation) or iron ... Copper #Deficiency #Differential
Underlying causes of PEA arrest: H’s and T’s 

Hypovolemia, Hypoxia, Hydrogen Ion (acidosis), Hypo/Hyper-kalemia, Hypothermia
Toxins, Tamponade,
Hypoxia, Hydrogen Ion ... #arrest #HsTs #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Table
Phosphate Binders - Pros and Cons

Calcium carbonate (TumsTM) 
 - Most inexpensive, antacid properties useful for
less GI calcium absorption ... Trivalent iron containing ... Phosphate #Binders #Table