11 results
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Nephron and their Functions ... organic acids and bases ... Nephron #Segments #Function ... #Pathophysiology ... #Tubules #Table
CHF - Left-Sided Heart Failure - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Valvular Disease (Preserved Diastolic/Systolic Function)
 • Mitral Stenosis
CHF - Left-Sided ... Heart Failure - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Diastolic/Systolic Function ... #causes
Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift:
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 • Tumor Lysis
 • Metabolic or Respiratory Acidosis
Hyperphosphatemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Increased Intake / Absorption ... Impaired Renal Function ... endocrinology #causes
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... decreased iron absorption ... with TSAT <20% (functional ... iron #deficiency #CHF
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... transport, renal function ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Pathophysiology
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Dyspnea - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Artery Disease • Stable ... Interstitium • ILD • CHF ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential ... Manifestations Causes ... surgery • Poor absorption ... Manifestations #Differential ... beriberi #nutrition #pathophysiology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Liver Injury - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vascular Causes ... syndrome, Congestion/CHF ... Tests of synthetic function
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... Vomiting/nasogastric suction ... the indicated causes ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
the determined cause ... #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #management ... cardiology #treatment #table ... #heartfailure #chf