25 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... -12, or folate deficiency ... Content • RBC Transfusions ... blood loss • Hemolytic ... #Decrease #Diagnosis
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... paralysis - Insulin deficiency ... Mineralocorticoid deficiency ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #potassium
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Diagnostic Framework ... Extravascular Causes ... HUS) • Other: Transfusion ... G6PD deficiency) ... Extravascular #Causes
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... paralysis - Insulin deficiency ... Mineralocorticoid deficiency ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #potassium
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Transfusion Thresholds ... recipients w/ IgA deficiency ... Causes purpura & ... Hypocalcemia, Hyperkalemia ... #diagnosis #management
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hereditary:
 • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... DAT (-) → G6PD Deficiency ... disease, drugs, transfusions ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... Tissue injury • Hemolysis ... intake • Blood transfusion ... of injection Decreased ... #Causes
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
recipients w/ IgA deficiency ... Causes purpura & ... TRALI): Leading cause ... Hypocalcemia, Hyperkalemia ... #diagnosis #management
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Cellular Shift:
   - Exercise
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... - Insulin deficiency ... Crush injury, Hemolysis ... #Causes #potassium
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased WBCs
 - Decreased/NormaI
Causes of Anemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Decreased ... WBCs - Decreased ... • Early Iron Deficiency