8 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... Content • RBC Transfusions ... blood loss • Hemolytic ... Effect • RBC Transfusions ... #Decrease #Diagnosis
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Transfusion Thresholds ... Causes purpura & ... TRALI): Leading cause ... more likely to cause ... #diagnosis #management
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
presenting with overt glomerular ... glomerulonephritis; HUS = hemolytic-uremic ... clusters because nephritic ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... #nephrotic #syndrome
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... diet • Blood transfusion ... • Tumor lysis/hemolysis ... • Interstitial nephritis
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
LDH - Assess for hemolysis ... for increased or decreased ... infections are common causes ... testing #workup #diagnosis ... #nephritic #nephrology
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... Tissue injury • Hemolysis ... intake • Blood transfusion ... of injection Decreased ... #Causes
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
LDH - Assess for hemolysis ... for increased or decreased ... infections are common causes ... #workup #diagnosis ... #nephritis
Causes of Hyperkalemia
Pseudohyperkalemia
 - Tourniquet use
 - Hemolysis (in vitro)
 - Leukocytosis
 - Thrombocytosis
Intra- to extracellular
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Tourniquet use - Hemolysis ... Potassium-containing drugs - Transfusion ... tissue necrosis Decreased ... #diagnosis #differential