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diagnosis differential hyperkalemia potassium management algorithm neurology urine alkalosis anemia blood chloride color discoloration dm2 elevated elevation false hba1c hematology
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c == False Elevation == Decreased RBC turnover • Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... Hypertriglyceridemia • Uremia High ... Content • RBC Transfusions ... blood loss • Hemolytic ... #Decrease #Diagnosis
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Transfusion Thresholds ... Causes purpura & ... TRALI): Leading cause ... High mortality. ... more likely to cause
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis Increased extracellular K+: • Tissue injury • Hemolysis • Rhabdomyolysis •
Tissue injury • Hemolysis ... glycosides • High ... intake • Blood transfusion ... of injection Decreased ... blockers - MCW Nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
Diagnostic algorithm Decreased ... diet • Blood transfusion ... • Tumor lysis/hemolysis ... Nephropathy Renin Normal ... Diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
phlebotomy High ... - Transfusion ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
phlebotomy High ... - Transfusion ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) and Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - Pathophysiology ICH Management: 1. Manage Blood Pressure •
consider platelet transfusion ... reduces CPP) • High ... = dilated BV = raises ... High ICP: 20. ... Pathophysiology #neurology
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis Turbid White Urine (Albinuria): • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Causes Abnormal ... Syndrome - UTI caused ... Intravascular hemolysis ... , thalassemia, transfusion ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
to diarrhea, a high ... Urine chloride is high ... acidosis-induced decreased ... the indicated causes ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Hematology Algorithms Anemia is described as a reduction in the proportion of the red blood cells.
characterized by a decrease ... However, these thresholds ... These causes could ... Normal range11.5 ... thalassemia trait & high
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