10 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... Content • RBC Transfusions ... turnover • Acute blood ... loss • Hemolytic ... #HgbA1c #Laboratory
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Blood Product Transfusions ... Transfusion Thresholds ... Causes purpura & ... TRALI): Leading cause ... Hypocalcemia, Hyperkalemia
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Crush injury • Blood ... transfusion • ... - Transfusion ... Blood transfusion ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... Tissue injury • Hemolysis ... dietary intake • Blood ... transfusion • ... of injection Decreased
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Crush injury • Blood ... transfusion • ... - Transfusion ... Blood transfusion ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
Blood Transfusion ... Causes purpura & ... TRALI): Leading cause ... Hypocalcemia, Hyperkalemia ... more likely to cause
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... Potassium-rich diet • Blood ... transfusion • ... Tumor lysis/hemolysis
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Cellular Shift:
   - Exercise
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... tacrolimus) - Decrease ... Crush injury, Hemolysis ... : Blood draw error ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Causes of Hyperkalemia
Pseudohyperkalemia
 - Tourniquet use
 - Hemolysis (in vitro)
 - Leukocytosis
 - Thrombocytosis
Intra- to extracellular
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Potassium-containing drugs - Transfusion ... of aged blood ... - Hemolysis (in ... tissue necrosis Decreased
Hemoglobin A1c (glycated hemoglobin) reflects the average blood glucose concentration over the course of the RBC
reflects the average blood ... correlated with 35-76% decrease ... women with normal HgbA1c ... span, such as hemolytic ... transfusions.