13 results
Causes of False Elevation and Reduction in HbA1c

== False Elevation ==
Decreased RBC turnover 
• Iron, B-12,
Causes of False ... Content • RBC Transfusions ... blood loss • Hemolytic ... Effect • RBC Transfusions ... #Decrease #Diagnosis
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Transfusion Thresholds ... Causes purpura & ... TRALI): Leading cause ... more likely to cause ... #diagnosis #management
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... Tissue injury • Hemolysis ... intake • Blood transfusion ... of injection Decreased ... blockers - MCW Nephrology
TTP - Laboratory Evaluation for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Activity of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease activity - A
activity is the diagnostic ... available for rapid diagnosis ... Mild-to-moderate decrease ... in most cases; ... Mild-to-moderate elevation
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Transfusion ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... diet • Blood transfusion ... • Tumor lysis/hemolysis ... #algorithm #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Transfusion ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Causes Abnormal ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Intravascular hemolysis ... , thalassemia, transfusion ... #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Management Summary Causes ... ULN • AST/ALT Elevation ... vasoconstriction → decreased ... #treatment #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
injury, ischemia, hemolysis ... , transfusions), ... Pseudohyperkalemia - hemolysis ... only if no clear cause ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology