2539 results
Glomerulonephritis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
ANCA:
 • C-ANCA: GPA (Wegener's)
 • P-ANCA: Microscopic Polyangiitis, Eosinophilic GPA (Churg
Mediated: • ↓C3 ... Cryoglobulinemia • Normal C3 ... diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
ANCA, Anti-GBM, C3 ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Causes of Hypocomplementemia - CHAMPS Mnemonic
C - Cryoglobulinemia (85%), C3 glomerulopathy, cirrhosis
H - Heavy Chain deposition
Causes of Hypocomplementemia ... Cryoglobulinemia (85%), C3
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... , Anti-ds-DNA, C3 ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Ear Pain (Otalgia) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Primary Otalgia 
 - Pain that originates from the ear
otalgia Most Common Causes ... externa Mechanical Causes ... zoster Neoplastic Causes ... Inflammatory Causes ... otalgia C2 and C3
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
C3, C4 - Test for ... infections are common causes
Effect of Selected Diseases on Complement Levels - C3, C4
 • SLE C3 ↓ C4 ↓↓
Complement Levels - C3 ... , C4 • SLE C3 ... • MCGN type 1 C3 ... C4 ↓↓ • Cryo C3 ... C4 ↓↓ • C3GN C3
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
microangiopathy. 5) C3 ... infections are common causes
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Pathophysiology - Warm vs Cold AIHA
Warm AIHA:
 - 70%; IgG mediated
 -
IgG positive, C3 ... IgG negative, C3
Causes of Erythema Nodosum - Mnemonic

NO cause found in 60% of cases
Drugs (antibiotics e.g., sulfonamides, amoxicillin)
Oral
Causes of Erythema ... Mnemonic NO cause ... found in 60% of cases ... Nodosum #Mnemonic #Causes