97 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
• Symptoms of UTI ... and treat for UTI ... → Refer to Nephrology ... and referral to Urology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Common Patterns on Urinalysis
 - Prerenal
 - ATN
 - AIN
 -
ATN - AIN - UTI ... table #comparison #nephrology
Abnormally Colored Urine - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Red:
 - Hematuria, Hemoglobinuria, Myoglobinuria
 - Beets, Rhubarb, Blackberries, Artificial
Hypercalcemia, Pseudomonas UTI ... patients with UTI ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Hormones Acting on the Nephron - Diuretics and Their Site of Action
 1) Acetazolamide
 2) Osmotic
Osmotic Diuretics (e.g ... Loop Diuretics (e.g ... 4) Thiazides (e.g ... Potassium-sparing (e.g ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Isthmus Independent Atrial Flutter
 • Rapid atrial activity without typical inferior sawtooth waves suggests CTI-independent flutter
waves suggests CTI-independent ... Flutter #aflutter #ecg ... #ekg #electrocardiogram
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Dysplasias • (e.g ... Disease • GI (e.g ... IBD) • Renal (e.g ... Chronic UTI) • ... • CNS Tumors (e.g
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
SGLT2 inhibitors (e.g ... urine volume): • UTI ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Osmotic diuretics (e.g ... Loop diuretic (e.g ... Thiazides-type diuretics (e.g ... Potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g ... #pharmacology #nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
• Fever • UTI ... Protein deposition (eg ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
disease, Pseudomonas UTI ... Bag Syndrome - UTI ... Serratia marcescens UTI ... Proteus mirabilis UTI ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology