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differential management discoloration causes syndrome algorithm color colored sodium abnormal altered blood cerebritis cns encephalopathy erythematosus gitelman hematuria hepatology hepatorenal
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis ... • Symptoms of UTI ... and treat for UTI ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology
Abnormally Colored Urine - Differential Diagnosis Framework Red: - Hematuria, Hemoglobinuria, Myoglobinuria - Beets, Rhubarb, Blackberries, Artificial
- Differential Diagnosis ... Hypercalcemia, Pseudomonas UTI ... patients with UTI ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis Turbid White Urine (Albinuria): • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
disease, Pseudomonas UTI ... Bag Syndrome - UTI ... Serratia marcescens UTI ... Proteus mirabilis UTI ... #nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Fever • UTI ... Protein deposition (eg ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Excess Intake of Water: • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia") •
- Differential Diagnosis ... SGLT2 inhibitors (e.g ... Polyuria Mimics (↑ urine ... volume): • UTI ... #Causes #nephrology
Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis Red Urine: • Medical conditions: bleeding, porphyria, factitious disorder • Meds: rifampin,
Urine Color - Differential ... Diagnosis Red Urine ... Medical conditions: UTI ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... discoloration #nephrology
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color Red Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Causes of Altered Urine ... Purple (Purple Urine ... Catheter + Alkaline UTI ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Movement disorders, Seizure ... permeability Diagnosis ... Lumbar Puncture, EEG ... Treatment: ... Erythematosus #SLE #CNS #neurology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
history, exam, and urine ... DI; high dilute urine ... , Dehydration: neurologic ... patient weight (eg ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... Measure urine osmolality ... of symptomatic (seizures ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology #sodium
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