11 results
Altered Mental Status - Differential Diagnosis
 • Neurologic: Stroke, Cerebral hypoxia, Cerebral hemorrhage, Seizure, Trauma, TBI,
Mental Status - Differential ... Diagnosis • Neurologic ... Cerebral hemorrhage, Seizure ... • Infectious: UTI ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Urine Color - Differential ... disease, Pseudomonas UTI ... Bag Syndrome - UTI ... Proteus mirabilis UTI ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... - Differential ... • Fever • UTI ... Protein deposition (eg ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Red Urine:
 • Medical conditions: bleeding, porphyria, factitious disorder
 • Meds: rifampin,
Urine Color - Differential ... Urine: • Any cause ... Medical conditions: UTI ... #Differential # ... discoloration #nephrology
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
and macropsia), color ... (Many causes!) ... * (most common cause ... Syndrome #diagnosis #neurology ... #differential
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
Causes of Polyuria ... - Differential ... SGLT2 inhibitors (e.g ... urine volume): • UTI ... #nephrology
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color 

Red 
    Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Possible Causes ... Altered Urine Color ... Catheter + Alkaline UTI ... Discoloration #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
mild to severe, Colour ... involvement: Intractable nausea ... Encephalopathy with seizures ... AQP4-lgG disease; e.g ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology
Differential Diagnosis: New-Onset Seizure in the Elderly

STRUCTURAL:
 • Stroke/TIA, Subdural hematoma, mass
 • Traumatic Brain Injury
Differential Diagnosis ... cardiovascular causes ... without EEG correlation ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Neurology #Geriatrics
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Reversible course Differential ... the underlying cause ... with AEDs until cause ... diagnosis #management #neurology