108 results
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
Hypercalcemia - EKG ... Findings Causes ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... Hypercalcemia #EKG ... #ECG #Electrocardiogram
Approach to ECGs - Tachy/Bradyarrhythmias
Tachyarrhythmias - HR > 100
Wide
  (1) VT - DANGER
  (2)
Approach to ECGs ... (2) Sick Sinus Syndrome ... 200ms from longer pause ... bradyarrhythmia #ECG ... #EKG #diagnosis
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Dysplasias • (e.g ... • GI (e.g. ... IBD) • Renal (e.g ... • CNS Tumors (e.g ... endocrinology #causes
Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness, which is thought to be secondary to cerebral
cardiac syncope, e.g ... structural heart disease ... carotid sinus syndrome ... and an initial ECG ... should be guided by clinical
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
vasoconstriction (e.g ... inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... Vascular occlusion (e.g ... or drugs e.g. ... AIN) • Drugs (e.g
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
(usually IgG) (e.g ... (usually IgM) (e.g ... deficiencies (e.g ... Hemoglobinopathies (e.g ... Membrane defects (e.g
Causes of Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) - Differential Diagnosis
 • Infection: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis, Abscess, Endocarditis,
Causes of Fever ... Infected thrombosis, (e.g ... Lemierre's syndrome ... (e.g. autoimmune ... vasculitis to cause
Myocarditis - Diagnosis and Causes
 • Clinical presentation: Pseudo-acute coronary syndrome, Cardiac failure <3 rnonths, Cardiogenic
Diagnosis and Causes ... • Clinical presentation ... Pseudo-acute coronary syndrome ... Recent flu-like syndrome ... Paraclinical assessment: EKG
Causes of Post-Partum Hemorrhage - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Blood Loss: >500mL post vaginal delivery OR >1000 mL
Causes of Post-Partum ... Uterine fatigue (e.g ... TTP) • HELLP syndrome ... coagulopathy (e.g ... von Willebrand's disease
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Genetic disorders (e.g ... Granulomatous disease ... - Williams syndrome ... Hypercalcemia #Causes