25 results
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
vasoconstriction (e.g ... Vascular occlusion (e.g ... disease or drugs e.g ... AIN) • Drugs (e.g ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
(Many causes!) ... ) • Infection ( ... e.g. encephalitis ... Brain lesions (e.g ... Syndrome #diagnosis #neurology
How do you work up an ischemic CVA?
A) Initial Evaluation
 • ABCs
 • IV access, monitor
Evaluate underlying cause ... Cardioembolic: • ECG ... +/- TEE (high Afib ... v Holter (r/o Afib ... diagnosis #checklist #neurology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
or metastases, Infection ... (e.g., meningitis ... (e.g., hypokalemia ... disease, Drugs (e.g ... Classification #Types #Nephrology
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Causes of Fatigue ... • Malignancy Infectious ... Pulmonary Disease Neurologic ... Myasthenia Gravis Pharmacologic ... • Drug Abuse (e.g
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... HSP • Post-infectious ... Protein deposition (eg ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Acellular Casts ... colored compounds (e.g ... can be either infectious ... or non-infectious ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Non-inflammatory Causes ... Non-inflammatory causes ... : • Infectious ... skull neoplasms (e.g ... BEE #Syndromes #neurology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
autoantibodies that will cause ... Lumbar Puncture, EEG ... Erythematosus #SLE #CNS #neurology ... cerebritis #diagnosis #management
Peritoneal Dialysis vs Hemodialysis - Advantages and Disadvantages 
Peritoneal Dialysis:
 • Access: Abdominal wall insertion of
can be offered (e.g ... thrombosis or infection ... disadvantages #nephrology ... #management