31 results
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
vasoconstriction (e.g ... Vascular occlusion (e.g ... disease or drugs e.g ... AIN) • Drugs (e.g ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
Polyuria - Differential ... osmolality > 300 mosm/kg ... solute intake (e.g ... Polydipsia #Polyuria #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Algorithm showing a stepwise approach to the assessment and investigation of a possible neuropathy. CIDP, chronic
Charcot-Marie-Tooth; EMG ... #Diagnosis #Neurology ... Algorithm #Evaluation #Differential
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Osmolality > 300 mmol/kg ... Polyuria scheme) e.g ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
• Infection (e.g ... Brain lesions (e.g ... Syndrome #diagnosis #neurology ... #differential
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
to Headaches - Differential ... symptoms and signs (e.g ... CNS infection (e.g ... #Headache #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology
How do you work up an ischemic CVA?
A) Initial Evaluation
 • ABCs
 • IV access, monitor
Cardioembolic: • ECG ... +/- TEE (high Afib ... v Holter (r/o Afib ... diagnosis #checklist #neurology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
metastases, Infection (e.g ... Metabolic causes (e.g ... disease, Drugs (e.g ... Classification #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
brainstem syndromes (e.g ... disturbances, facial ... AQP4-lgG disease; e.g ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
polyneuropathy (e.g ... Testing #Causes #differential ... diagnosis #table #neurology