17 results
Urine Microscopy Crystals
Uric Acid crystals:
 - Formation promoted by acidic urine
 - Seen in tumor lysis
Urine Microscopy ... Crystals Uric Acid ... crystals: - Formation ... - Diagnostic of ... #comparison #table
Kidney stone type, corresponding urine sediment, urinary risk factors, and associated clinical settings.
#Diagnosis #Nephrology #Urine #Microscopy
corresponding urine ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology ... #Urine #Microscopy ... Kidney #Stones #Crystals ... Composition #Shapes #Table
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... Red cell casts - Diagnostic ... - Some crystals ... disorders or excreted medications ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color 

Red 
    Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Causes of Altered Urine ... Uric acid crystals ... Purple (Purple Urine ... #Altered #Urine ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Medications causing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration: Diuretics
 • Altered intrarenal autoregulation: ACEIs / ARBs,
Medications causing ... Bactrim), NSAIDs • Crystal ... Kidney #Injury #Medications ... #Drugs #pharmacology ... #differential #diagnosis
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic ... urine Cl; • ... urine Cl; • ... Other medications ... #hypokalemia #diagnosis
Common Medications Known to Prolong QTc
Antiarrhythmics - Amiodarone, sotalol, flecainide, quinidine, dronedarone, dofetilide
Vasopressors/inotropes - Epinephrine, norepinephrine,
Common Medications ... #Prolongation #Medications ... #differential #diagnosis ... #pharmacology # ... table
Drugs Implicated in Hemolytic Anemia
 • Hapten (Drug binding to RBC membrane): Penicillin, Cephalosporin, Tetracycline, Tolbutamide,
Bloodman #Drugs #medications ... #differential #diagnosis ... #pharmacology # ... table
Muscarinic Receptor Agonists and Antagonists 
Muscarinic Receptor Agonists
Methacholine
 • Diagnosis of bronchial airway
Carbachol
 • Glaucorna (topical
Methacholine • Diagnosis ... #Antagonists #Medications ... #Pharmacology # ... Table
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... caused by Ca2+ crystals ... Diuresis #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table