26 results
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Autoimmune (AIHA)"Cold ... (e.g. primary cold ... Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection ... spherocytosis) • Infections ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin ... of Cold Sensitive ... Cold Agglutinins ... Agglutinin Syndrome (CAS ... #hematology #diagnosis
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Anemia (AIHA) Treatment ... esp if severe disease ... azathioprine Cold ... Polyclonal: - Infection ... #management #hematology
Listeriosis Summary - Listeria Monocytogenes
Pathogen: Listeria Monocytogenes - Gram-positive rod, Aerobic, facultative anaerobe, motile, beta-hemolytic, Non-spore-forming
Risk
, motile, beta-hemolytic ... PPI use Food: Cold ... Pregnancy • CNS ... ) • CSF (CNS Infection ... infectiousdiseases #treatment
Listeriosis Summary - Listeria Monocytogenes
Pathogen: Listeria Monocytogenes - Gram-positive rod, Aerobic, facultative anaerobe, motile, beta-hemolytic, Non-spore-forming
Risk
, motile, beta-hemolytic ... PPI use Food: Cold ... Pregnancy • CNS ... ) • CSF (CNS Infection ... infectiousdiseases #treatment
Hypoxemia / Hypoxia - Rapid Response Management Algorithm

Stridor - Upper airway pathology:
 • Anaphylaxis
 • Foreign
Epiglottitis • Vocal cord ... pneumothorax, COPD ... asthma • Pleural disease ... 12 / shallow breathing ... Hypoventilation: • CNS
Causes of Pulmonary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
 • Idiopathic
 • Associated with:
Causes of Pulmonary ... Diagnosis Algorithm Pulmonary ... Hypoxemia: • COPD ... Sleep-Disordered Breathing ... Miscellaneous: • Hematologic
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Acute: Trauma, COPD ... Chronic: Asthma, COPD ... , Anaphylaxis, Infection ... : Tumor, Vocal cord ... hernia, Obesity CNS
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Agglutination - Cold ... agglutinins disease ... inclusions - If infection ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Diagnosis for Hemolytic ... Causes: • Liver disease ... • AIHA: warm, cold ... drug induced • Infections ... classification #hematology